‘Digital money’ was ushered in with the 2008 invention and 2009 launch of Bitcoin. While still the most popular and nominally valuable of them all, there are thousands of cryptocurrencies available in the market today. Cryptocurrencies are created with encryption algorithms and are intended as a store of value or a means of exchange, and are generally (but not always) based on blockchain technology. Blockchain is a distributed ledger enforced by a network of independent computers.